Oracle provides a method called "
Secure External Password Store" to hide your passwords in a wallet, instead of using them directly in your scripts.
The feature Secure External Password Store can be used without any restriction in all product editions, you do not require a license for the Advanced Security Option (ASO).
/
What exactly is a "secure external password store"?
Oracle describes it as
"a secure software container that stores authentication and signing credentials"
You need to use the utility
mkstore to manage secure external password store.
Personally, I find them very useful when performing duplication. Here is how I set things up when I was cloning a database for standby.
NOTE: If you intend to clone for standby, you need to add the SYS user and nothing else to your wallet!
Any other privileged user will give you trouble during cloning.
On the standby server, create directory where you want the wallet to reside. I normall put it in the $TNS_ADMIN directory:
mkdir -p $TNS_ADMIN/wallet
Create the wallet:
mkstore -wrl $TNS_ADMIN/wallet -create
Oracle Secret Store Tool : Version 12.1.0.2
Copyright (c) 2004, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Enter password:
Enter password again:
Add a credential to one or more database
mkstore -wrl $TNS_ADMIN/wallet -createCredential hdal_primary dbaadmin
mkstore -wrl $TNS_ADMIN/wallet -createCredential hdal_stby dbaadmin
Note!
If you need to include a domain in your credential, use " " around your database name:
mkstore -wrl $TNS_ADMIN/wallet -createCredential "hdal_primary.mydomain.com" dbaadmin
If you later need to modify the same credential:
mkstore -wrl $TNS_ADMIN/wallet -modifyCredential hdal_stby dbaadmin
If you later need to delete a credential:
mkstore -wrl $TNS_ADMIN/wallet -deleteCredential hdal_stby
Verify that the credentials were added:
mkstore -wrl $TNS_ADMIN/wallet -listCredential
Oracle Secret Store Tool : Version 12.1.0.2
Copyright (c) 2004, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Enter wallet password:
List credential (index: connect_string username)
2: hdal_stby dbaadmin
1: hdal_primary dbaadmin
Add the following in the server's $TNS_ADMIN/sqlnet.ora:
#Point out the server ("client") wallet
WALLET_LOCATION =
(SOURCE =
(METHOD = FILE)
(METHOD_DATA =
(DIRECTORY = /orasw/product/12201/network/admin/wallet)
)
)
#This setting causes all CONNECT /@db_connect_string statements to use the information in the wallet at the specified location to authenticate to databases:
SQLNET.WALLET_OVERRIDE = TRUE
#BUG 20721271 DUPLICATE FOR STANDBY FROM ACTIVE DATABASE HANGS WHILE RESTORING CONTROL FILE
#Turning this parameter on disables the ability to send and receive "break" messages using urgent data provided by the underlying protocol.
#This would apply to all protocols used by the client.
DISABLE_OOB=on
It works fine with an environmental variable directly in the sqlnet.ora file, too, instead of an absolute path:
WALLET_LOCATION =
(SOURCE =
(METHOD = FILE)
(METHOD_DATA =
(DIRECTORY = $TNS_ADMIN/wallet)
)
)
You should now be able to connect to both databases using rman. Test with a simple script called conntest.cmd.
connect target /@hdal_primary
connect auxiliary /@hdal_stby
run{
allocate channel c1 type disk;
allocate channel c2 type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux1 type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux2 type disk;
configure device type disk parallelism 2;
}
exit
Output in my case was:
connected to target database: HDAL (DBID=1893290026)
connected to auxiliary database: HDAL (not mounted)
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: c1
channel c1: SID=1192 device type=DISK
allocated channel: c2
channel c2: SID=52 device type=DISK
allocated channel: aux1
channel aux1: SID=1152 device type=DISK
allocated channel: aux2
channel aux2: SID=1150 device type=DISK
old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 2 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 2 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
released channel: c1
released channel: c2
released channel: aux1
released channel: aux2
