syntax for dropping a temporary file from a temporary tablespace

For future reference, here is how to drop and recreate a temporary file in an existing temporary tablespace, but with a changed path: If applicable, set the container:

alter session set container=pdb1;

Drop the current tempfile, and recreate it in the desired location. Make it autoextensible:

alter database tempfile '/data/oradata/db01/temp1.dbf' drop including datafiles;
alter tablespace TEMP1 add tempfile '/data/oradata/db02/temp1.dbf' size 1G; 
alter database tempfile '/data/oradata/db02/temp1.dbf' autoextend on next 1G maxsize unlimited;

How to solve ORA-01187: cannot read from file because it failed verification tests

After a successful clone, alert log reports:

022-06-30T04:04:17.542368+02:00
Errors in file /orainst/oracle/diag/rdbms/testdb01/testdb01/trace/testdb01_dbw0_130154.trc:
ORA-01186: file 201 failed verification tests
ORA-01122: database file 201 failed verification check
ORA-01110: data file 201: '/data/oradata/testdb01/temp01.dbf'
ORA-01203: wrong incarnation of this file - wrong creation SCN
File 201 not verified due to error ORA-01122

Any operation you try against the database will give the following error stack in return:

ORA-01187: cannot read from file  because it failed verification tests
ORA-01110: data file 201: '/data/oradata/testdb01/temp01.dbf'
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_LOB", line 741
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_DATAPUMP", line 5420
ORA-06512: at line 1

Check tempfile situation:

SYS@testdb01>SQL>select ts#,status,enabled, name from v$tempfile;

       TS# STATUS  ENABLED    NAME
---------- ------- ---------- ---------------------------------
         3 ONLINE  READ WRITE /data/oradata/testdb01/temp01.dbf
         3 ONLINE  READ WRITE /data/oradata/testdb01/temp02.dbf

A query against dba_temp_files however, will give an error:

SYS@testdb01>SQL>SELECT tablespace_name, file_name  FROM dba_temp_files WHERE tablespace_name = 'TEMP';
SELECT tablespace_name, file_name  FROM dba_temp_files WHERE tablespace_name = 'TEMP'
                                        *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01187: cannot read from file  because it failed verification tests
ORA-01110: data file 201: '/data/oradata/testdb01/temp01.dbf'

Is the temporary tablespace database default?

SYS@testdb01>SQL>
col property_value format a30
SELECT PROPERTY_VALUE   
FROM DATABASE_PROPERTIES 
WHERE PROPERTY_NAME = 'DEFAULT_TEMP_TABLESPACE';

PROPERTY_VALUE
-----------------------
TEMP

Yes it is, so we cannot drop it, but will have to add new files and drop the old ones

Add new tempfile:

SYS@testdb01>SQL>ALTER TABLESPACE temp ADD TEMPFILE '/data/oradata/testdb01/temp.dbf' size 256M;

Tablespace altered.

Drop the old ones:

SYS@testdb01>SQL>ALTER DATABASE TEMPFILE '/data/oradata/testdb01/temp01.dbf' DROP INCLUDING DATAFILES;

Database altered.

SYS@testdb01>SQL>ALTER DATABASE TEMPFILE '/data/oradata/testdb01/temp02.dbf' DROP INCLUDING DATAFILES;

Database altered.

Both of the old datafiles are now gone from the data dictionary:

SYS@pserser4>SQL>
set lines 200
col tablespace_name format a20
col file_name format a50
SELECT tablespace_name, file_name  FROM dba_temp_files WHERE tablespace_name = 'TEMP';

TABLESPACE_NAME         FILE_NAME
---------------------   --------------------------------------
TEMP                    /data/oradata/testdb01/temp.dbf

Note that the old tempfiles are still on disk:

SYS@testdb01>SQL>!ls -la /data/oradata/testdb01/temp01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 114302976 Jun 30 04:04 /data/oradata/testdb01/temp01.dbf

If you want to add the old datafiles back to your temp tablespace you can do this with the REUSE keyword:

SYS@testdb01>SQL>ALTER TABLESPACE temp ADD TEMPFILE '/data/oradata/testdb01/temp01.dbf' size 256M reuse;

Tablespace altered.

In my case, the other tempfile /data/oradata/testdb01/temp02.dbf, was not present physically on disk.
The alert log confirms this:

2022-06-30T04:04:18.302852+02:00
Errors in file /data/oracle/diag/rdbms/testdb01/testdb01/trace/testdb01_dbw0_130154.trc:
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 202 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 202: '/data/oradata/testdb01/temp02.dbf'
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:4 Failed to open file /data/oradata/testdb01/temp02.dbf
ORA-17500: ODM err:File does not exist

How to deal with ORA-01110 during export

If you receive errors like this during data pump export

ORA-01187: cannot read from file  because it failed verification tests
ORA-01110: data file 204: '/datafiles/oradata/proddb/temp.dbf'
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_LOB", line 724
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_DATAPUMP", line 4546
ORA-06512: at line 1

you need to drop and recreate your temporary tablespace(s). If you only use bigfile temporary tablespaces, you can use the following script to rectify the situation:

set trimspool on
set lines 200
set feedback off
set verify off
set heading off
set echo off

spool 1.drop_non_default_temp.sql
select 'spool 1.drop_non_default_temp.log' from dual;
select 'drop tablespace ' || ts.name || ' including contents and datafiles;'
from v$tempfile tf join v$tablespace ts
on (ts.ts# = tf.ts#)
and ts.name not in(
    select property_value
    FROM DATABASE_PROPERTIES
    WHERE PROPERTY_NAME = 'DEFAULT_TEMP_TABLESPACE'
);
select 'exit' from dual;

spool 2.recreate_temp.sql
select 'spool 2.recreate_temp.log' from dual;
select 'create bigfile temporary tablespace ' || ts.name || ' tempfile ''' || tf.name || ''' SIZE 32M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;'
from v$tempfile tf join v$tablespace ts
on (ts.ts# = tf.ts#)
and ts.name not in(
    select property_value
    FROM DATABASE_PROPERTIES
    WHERE PROPERTY_NAME = 'DEFAULT_TEMP_TABLESPACE'
);
select 'exit' from dual;
spool off;

spool 3.alter_default_temp.sql
select 'spool 3.alter_default_temp.log' from dual;
select 'alter database default temporary tablespace TEMP;' from dual;
select 'exit' from dual;
spool off

spool 4.drop_default_temp.sql
select 'spool 4.drop_default_temp.log' from dual;
select 'drop tablespace ' || ts.name || ' including contents and datafiles;'
from v$tempfile tf join v$tablespace ts
on (ts.ts# = tf.ts#)
and ts.name in(
    select property_value
    FROM DATABASE_PROPERTIES
    WHERE PROPERTY_NAME = 'DEFAULT_TEMP_TABLESPACE'
);
select 'exit' from dual;
spool off;

spool 5.create_default_temp.sql
select 'spool 5.create_default_temp.log' from dual;
select 'create bigfile temporary tablespace ' || ts.name || ' tempfile ''' || tf.name || ''' SIZE 32M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;'
from v$tempfile tf join v$tablespace ts
on (ts.ts# = tf.ts#)
and ts.name in(
    select property_value
    FROM DATABASE_PROPERTIES
    WHERE PROPERTY_NAME = 'DEFAULT_TEMP_TABLESPACE'
);
select 'exit' from dual;
spool off;

spool 6.reset_default_temp.sql
select 'spool 6.reset_default_temp.log' from dual;
select 'alter database default temporary tablespace ' || ts.name || ';'
from v$tempfile tf join v$tablespace ts
on (ts.ts# = tf.ts#)
and ts.name in(
    select property_value
    FROM DATABASE_PROPERTIES
    WHERE PROPERTY_NAME = 'DEFAULT_TEMP_TABLESPACE'
);
select 'exit' from dual;
spool off;

exit

Run the script in your database, and it will product 6 new sql files, numbered 1 to 6. Run them sequenctially and you should have recreated your temporary tablespaces. After this your data pump export will start as expected.

What to remember when adding temporary tablespaces on primary databases

Are temporary tablespaces automatically replicated to the standby databases?

No, they are not.
This is documentet in Oracle support note 834174.1 "Temporary Datafile created in Primary is missing in the Standby Database"

The setting of STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT has no impact on temporary tablespaces and temporary files, because no redo is generated.

Unfortunately, this fact is not mentioned in the matrix listed in the documentation under the headline "Primary Database Changes That Require Manual Intervention at a Physical Standby"

From my own experience, here is what I did at a time when the primary database ran short on temporary space, and a new tablespace had to be created immediately:

Add temporary tablespace to the primary database:

CREATE  BIGFILE  TEMPORARY  TABLESPACE TMP 
TEMPFILE '/u02/oradata/proddb01/tmp.dbf' SIZE 1024M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 128M MAXSIZE 1T 
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL UNIFORM SIZE 1M;

Check the situation on the standby database:

SQL> SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME , bigfile,status FROM DBA_TABLESPACES WHERE CONTENTS = 'TEMPORARY';

TABLESPACE_NAME                BIG STATUS
------------------------------ --- ---------
TEMP                           NO  ONLINE
TMP                            YES ONLINE

The temporary tablespace name is registred in the standby data dictionary, but there is no tempfile attached.

In order to add a tempfile to the standby database, it must be opened in READ ONLY mode.
Since my standby database is an active standby, it is already opened in READ ONLY mode:

SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE
--------------------
READ ONLY WITH APPLY

Add the tempfile:

alter tablespace tmp add tempfile '/u02/oradata/proddb01/tmp.dbf' size 1024M autoextend on next 128M maxsize 1T;

Tablespace altered.

Recheck the situation in the standby database:

SQL>  select ts#,name,status,enabled from v$tempfile;

       TS# NAME                                               STATUS  ENABLED
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ------- ----------
         3 /u02/oradata/proddb01/temp01.dbf                     ONLINE  READ WRITE
        31 /u02/oradata/proddb01/tmp.dbf                        ONLINE  READ WRITE

How to create a global temporary table

An example of a Global Temporary Table (GTT) would be:

CREATE GLOBAL TEMPORARY TABLE INCOMING_DATA (
  ROW_ID                      NUMBER(10) NOT NULL,
  SSN                         NUMBER(11),
  ENTRY_DATE                  DATE NOT NULL,
  HANDLED_BY                  VARCHAR2(30 BYTE) NOT NULL,
  CONTENT_CODE                VARCHAR2(4 BYTE),
  MESSAGE                     CLOB
 )
ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS
;

ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS indicates that Oracle will purge the rows after an ended transaction (after a COMMIT, ROLLBACK or an implicit COMMIT).
Instead of ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS you could also use ON DELETE PRESERVE ROWS, which will remove the rows at the end of the user's session.

You can add indexes, triggers and views on a GTT. You can even truncate a temporary table, and it will only affect the curren session's rows, leaving other users' rows intact.


With Oracle 12c came the ability for temporary tables to store its UNDO segments in temporary tablespaces, rather than conventional tablespaces, thus removing the need to generate REDO.

To enable this for your session, use:

ALTER SESSION SET TEMP_UNDO_ENABLED = TRUE;

before creating the GTT.

Sources:

Oracle-Base: article about GTT and another one explaining the 12c new feature "temporary undo"

Oracle Documentation: Overview of GTT
Check my note on private temporary tables, available from Oracle 18c.

List temporary tablepaces and their tempfiles

select t.file#,ts#,status,t.name "temp file name",n.name "tablespace name", n.bigfile,t.bytes/1024/1024 "Size MB"
from v$tempfile t join v$tablespace n
using(ts#);

FILE#	TS#	STATUS	temp file name	tablespace name	BIGFILE	Size MB
1	3	ONLINE	/u02/oradata/proddb01/temp01.dbf	TEMP	YES	256
2	66	ONLINE	/u02/oradata/proddb01/user_temp.dbf	USER_TEMP	YES	256
3	70	ONLINE	/u02/oradata/proddb01/temp_d1u_01.dbf	BATCH_TEMP	YES	256

How to find and change the default temporary tablespace and default tablespace for a database instance

set lines 200
col description format a50
col property_value format a30
col property_name format a30
SELECT * 
FROM DATABASE_PROPERTIES
WHERE PROPERTY_NAME LIKE '%TABLESPACE%';

To change the default temporary tablespace, use

alter database default temporary tablespace tmp;

To change the default tablespace, use

alter database default tablespace user_data;

How to create a temporary tablespace and assign it as the database default

CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TMP TEMPFILE
  '/data/oracle/u01/PRODDB01/datafile/tmp_01.dbf' SIZE 128M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 32M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
TABLESPACE GROUP ''
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL UNIFORM SIZE 1M;

ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TMP;